Rand's Self-Estimation

Stephen Boydstun's picture
Submitted by Stephen Boydstun on Thu, 2007-11-01 16:22.

In the summer of 1969, Ayn Rand wrote the Introduction to The Romantic Manifesto. She wrote:

“Mankind moves forward by the grace of those human bridges who are able to grasp and transmit, across years or centuries, the achievements men had reached—and to carry them further. Thomas Aquinas is one illustrious example: he was the bridge between Aristotle and the Renaissance, spanning the infamous detour of the Dark and Middle Ages.

“Speaking only of the pattern, with no presumptuous comparison of stature intended, I am a bridge of that kind—between the esthetic achievements of the nineteenth century and the minds that choose to discover them, wherever and whenever such minds exist.” (pp. vii–viii, emphasis added)

 

A dozen years earlier, in the presentation of her metaphysics in Galt’s Speech, Rand had written:

“Centuries ago, the man who was—no matter what his errors—the greatest of your philosophers, has stated the formula defining the concept of existence and the rule of all knowledge: A is A. A thing is itself. You have never grasped the meaning of his statement. I am here to complete it: Existence is Identity, Consciousness is Identification.” (p. 1016, emphasis added)

 

Everyone here knows that the philosopher to whom Rand is referring as “the greatest” is Aristotle. She elaborates her 1957 allusion to him further in the 1961 essay “For the New Intellectual,” as follows: Aristotle’s “incomparable achievement lay in the fact that he defined the basic principles of a rational view of existence and of man’s consciousness: that there is only one reality, the one which man perceives—that it exists as an objective absolute . . . —that the task of man’s consciousness is to perceive, not to create reality—that abstractions are man’s method of integrating his sensory material—that man’s mind is his only tool of knowledge—that A is A.” (p. 22)

 

Leave to the side for other occasions the question of the extent to which Aristotle, rather than successors, stated the formula ‘A thing is itself’ and the question of when the formula ‘A is A’ entered logic. [See this (#15).] I want to ask something else.

 

In 1957 Rand writes that she is completing and teaching a profound principle of metaphysics that was first stated by the greatest philosopher, namely Aristotle. In 1969 she indicates that it would be presumptuous to compare her own stature to that of Aquinas, another who embraced and elaborated Aristotle. Does the latter self-estimation set a context bounding the self-estimation in the voice of Galt’s Speech? Is there another way in which these two self-estimations fit smoothly together? Did Rand vacillate on exactly how important her innovations should be regarded in the history of philosophy?


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The three As

Leonid's picture

Leonid

"She did answer decidedly, in 1976 in an oral exchange, what she saw as her most important philosophical achievements, but she ventured no placements in comparison to achievements of other philosophers, so far as I recall."

From "AYN RAND ANSWERS" ( pg 148-149,PO6 76)
Q: Besides Aristotle and Ayn Rand have any philosophers identified important philosophical truths?

A:In a sense,there's only one philosopher:Aristotle-he covered essentials...So if you speak in big terms,I'd rather Dr.Peikoff said it,but since I'm his stand-up tonight,take the three As: Aristotle,Aquinas,and Ayn Rand.


Some Ideas

Stephen Boydstun's picture

I have a few ideas on the questions I posed, but no settlement of them.

Rand has Galt say: “A thing is itself. You have never grasped the meaning of his [Aristotle’s] statement. I am here to complete it . . . .” She has crafted Galt’s voice in his speech to be more Promethean than would be her own. So we have the fictional Galt saying “the greatest of your philosophers,” rather than simply “the greatest philosopher.” That being understood, it is nonetheless reasonable to suppose that when Rand has Galt say “I am here to complete it,” the first-person pronoun goes not only for Galt speaking of himself, but Rand speaking of herself.

Saying that she is completing a profound principle of metaphysics (and epistemology) that was first stated by Aristotle, the greatest philosopher, says little to nothing about how important she thinks her innovation—Existence is Identity, Consciousness is Identification—should be regarded in the history of philosophy. I suggested that we may have been told an upper bound on Rand’s self-estimation concerning her philosophical innovations beyond (what is admirable in) Aristotle when she made her remark on Aquinas in the Intro to RM.

There is an ambiguity in my phrase “should be regarded in the history of philosophy” in the preceding paragraph and in the original post. I do not mean: What was Rand’s assessment of what importance would likely be given to her innovations in the future history of philosophy? Rather, I mean an assessment on a more analytical and less historical plane.

That same ambiguity is one of the difficulties of interpreting Rand’s remark in RM. Aquinas “is one illustrious example: he was a bridge between Aristotle and the Renaissance, . . . .” Rand is speaking in that statement of the social course of intellectual history and the important role Aquinas had in it. But that is not all she means by choice of the term illustrious. For she has informed the reader, in the preceding sentence, that she considers Aquinas to have had a remarkable intellect, capable of grasping Aristotle’s intellectual achievement and extending it.

Then comes the sentence “Speaking only of the pattern, with no presumptuous comparison of stature intended, I am a bridge of that kind . . . .” At this point, Rand could be leaving behind thought of the intellectual achievement of Aquinas and estimation of its analytical place among philosophical achievements. She could be now intending the reader think only of his role in the social course of intellectual history. I don’t think so, because of the choice of the term stature. In this sentence, Rand seems to be still carrying together both threads of thought.

Now to consider the last-quoted RM sentence in its entirety: “Speaking only of the pattern, with no presumptuous comparison of stature intended, I am a bridge of that kind—between the esthetic achievements of the nineteenth century and the minds that choose to discover them, wherever and whenever such minds exist.” In the context of the sentences preceding this one, I think Rand is here stating a relation between relations. A placement of Aquinas concerning philosophy is being related to a placement of Rand concerning Romanticism. There is present the complexity of relations between relations, like the complexity we have in saying that the ratio of 2 ounces to 3 ounces is greater than the ratio of 3 inches to 5 inches. To be sure, Rand expressly did not want to be taken as saying “as Aquinas’ place in the propagation of Aristotle, that large is my place in the propagation of Romanticism.” An additional complexity enters on the possibility that a secondary message is being telegraphed, a message to the effect, “I do not presume that my intellectual accomplishments are of the stature of those of Aquinas (let alone Aristotle).”

Perhaps Rand has other texts I have not recalled in which she indicates, obliquely or straight-forwardly, how important her innovations should be regarded in the history of philosophy. She did answer decidedly, in 1976 in an oral exchange, what she saw as her most important philosophical achievements, but she ventured no placements in comparison to achievements of other philosophers, so far as I recall.


"“Speaking only of the

Newberry's picture

"“Speaking only of the pattern, with no presumptuous comparison of stature intended, I am a bridge of that kind—between the esthetic achievements of the nineteenth century and the minds that choose to discover them, wherever and whenever such minds exist.” (pp. vii–viii, emphasis added)

"In 1969 she indicates that it would be presumptuous to compare her own stature to that of Aquinas..."

Stephen,

I don't agree with your conclusion above. I read Rand's comment literally. Meaning she is speaking of the pattern, and doesn't want the reader to think she is talking about her stature. She says nothing, positive or negative, about her stature in regards to Aquinas.

Michael


My Guess...

James S. Valliant's picture

Rand, I think, is imputing the whole of the Aristotelian tradition to Aristotle himself (with some justification) and suggesting that her own addition is a only a clarification -- but an important one.


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